Verbs · 3 of 13

The ない form

Plain negative.

The ない form is the plain negative: 書かない "don't write, won't write". Its polite counterpart is ません (The ます form).

Godan: change the final u sound to a and add ない; a final う becomes わ. Ichidan: drop る and add ない.

ない conjugates like an い-adjective: ない → なかった, なければ. Adding です makes it polite: 行かないです is common in conversation, alongside 行きません.

Built on the ない form

See Requests and commands and Must and may.

Cards from this guide

9 cards

Each card asks about one thing this guide teaches, and its back gives the answer with why and an example. They're reviewed with the rest of the Verbs cards.

  • How do you make the ない form of a godan verb like 書く (kaku, write)?

    Change the final u sound to a and add ない: 書かない.

  • What's the ない form of 買う (kau, buy)?

    買わない

  • How do you make the ない form of an ichidan verb like 食べる (taberu, eat)?

    Drop る and add ない: 食べない.

  • What's the ない form of 来る (kuru, come)?

    来ない (konai)

  • What's the plain negative of ある (aru, there is, have)?

    ない

  • How do you turn 書かない (kakanai, don't write) into the plain past negative?

    Change ない to なかった: 書かなかった.

  • How can you make 行かない (ikanai, don't go) polite without using ません?

    Add です: 行かないです.

  • How do you turn 撮らない (toranai, don't take) into 'please don't take'?

    Add でください: 撮らないでください.

  • What does the ない form + で mean before another verb, as in 食べないで出かけた (tabenaide dekaketa)?

    'Without doing': went out without eating.

Review these cardsSign up to learn them with spaced repetition, as you do words.