1. Yan, a vassal state of Zhou in present-day Hebei and Liaoning

2. north Hebei

3. the four Yan kingdoms of the Sixteen Kingdoms, namely: Former Yan 前燕 (QiánYān) (337–370), Later Yan 后燕 (HòuYān) (384–409), Southern Yan 南燕 (NánYān) (398–410), Northern Yan 北燕 (BěiYān) (409–436)