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Your sentence
你
Words in this sentence
你
you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您 (nín)); you (Note: In Taiwan, 妳 is used to address females, but in mainland China, it is not commonly used. Instead, 你 is used to address both males and females.)
听懂
to understand (on hearing); to catch (what is spoken)
了
(completed action marker); (modal particle indicating change of state, situation now); (modal particle intensifying preceding clause)
Particle