文ぶん明めい開かい化かTop 35000MeaningsNoun1. civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation) (Yojijukugo)Kanji used文written sentence明bright開open化transformationPitch accentぶんめいかいかComposed of文ぶん明めいcivilization; civilisation; cultureNoun開かいopen; beginningPrefix化かchange to ...; becoming ...; making into ...; -ization; -ificationSuffix